Dock construction



Oct. 19, 1937. F. R. LAYNG DOCK CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 1, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet l C lwizf:

Faq/VK E LA Oct. 19, 1937. F. R. I AYNG l DOCK CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. l, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 lnvezfo.' FEF/NK E. nV/v,

Patented Oct. 19, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT oEEiCE 1 Claim.

This invention relates to reenforced concrete docks or piers.

An object of this invention is to provide a reenforced deck slab designed for the loads to be carried and to provide the necessary Weight and strength to resist the horizontal forces of boats and other loads.

A further object is to provide a plurality of pre-cast deck sections having an interlocking engagement when in final position on a supporting structure.

With these and other advantages, which Will become apparent as the disclosure proceeds, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the assembled dock construction;

Figure 2 is a top plan before the filling material has been placed;

Figure 3 is an enlarged detailed plan of the deck slabs in position before grouting of the reenforcing members; and

Figure 4 is a section on line IV-IV of Figure 3.`

In the drawings, the numeral 2 represents a series of parallel piles or supports spaced at suitable intervals and provided with a reenforced concrete member 3 adapted to support the deck construction. 'I'he piles 2 have their lower ends driven into the shale or supporting earth 4 While the other ends are embedded in the reenforced concrete member 3. While I have shown the piles 2 as being of a metallic construction, it is to be understood that, if desired for certain locations, such piles may be of reenforced concrete or wood. A sheet-piling Wall 5 is positioned in back of the piles 2 and has its lower end driven into the supporting earth while the top rests against the deck slabs to hold up and support the pressure from the natural ground and other loads back of the dock. 'I'he sheet-piling is shown as 40 of steel but it may be made from reenforced concrete or other suitable material.

A reenforced concrete deck designed to support loads and to provide the. necessary weight and strength to resist the horizontal forces of boats and other loads is placed in proper position von said supporting member 3, and secured thereto by anchor-bolts B or any other desired fastening means. The deck comprises slabs or sections built or pre-cast at some place adjacent the point of installation which permits uninterruption to the general construction work involved in build-V ing a dock.

'The deck construction of the present invention comprises one or more slabs 1 and positioned longitudinally on the member 3 and secured thereto by means of said anchor-bolts 6. One longitudinal face. of said slabs is provided with a flange 8 adapted to interlock with a flange 9 of an adjoining deck section ID. The slabs are provided with smooth abutting faces l2v extending transversely thereof while the slab 'l is provided with a projection I 4 adapted to interlock with a depression I5 in thel adjacent slab 'lab to provide adequate means of expansion and contraction of the interlocking slabs whereby lateral thrusts from a vessel or pressure from'behind the dock will not permit the units to move independently in a transverse direction.

In order to provide longitudinal rigidity to the. slabs 'I and "la, suitable recesses I 5 are provided in the upper surfaces thereof. The recesses I6, in the slab 1, extend longitudinally from a point adjacent the projection I4 through the remaining portion of said slab while the recesses in slab 'Ia extend longitudinally from a point adjacent the depression I5 through the remaining portion of the slab, so that the slabs I and la, abutting each vbother at their smooth faces I2, are provided with aligned longitudinal recesses in the upper surfaces of said slabs Within which are positioned longitudinal steel reenforcing members Il adapted to maintain a rigid cooperation of the slabs' 'I and Ia between the expansion joints of said slabs. The slabs I andfia are provided with liftbars I8 embedded therein adapted to project into the recesses |621, whereby said slabs can be easily handled by the workmen for proper positioning on the supporting member 3.

'I'he deck sections I0, which adjoin and are interlocked with said slabs 'I and la, have their upper surfaces extending beyond the plane of the said slabs 1 and Ia to a point substantially in alignment with the ground line. 'I'he sections I0, having a greater vertical cross-sectional area than the. slabs 1 and la, are provided With a plurality of encased rubber bumpers I9 which function when interlocked with the adjoining deck slabs 'I and Il to cushion the horizontal forces of boats and other loads.

Suitable means are provided for anchoring the dock to the ground at the rear 0f the ground line. A plurality of piles 20, suitably spaced, are driven into the ground and provided with a reenforced concrete member 2l adapted to interconnect the piles into a single supporting unit. Embedded Within said member 2l are steel rods 22 having turn'buckle connections 23 with adjoining rods 2d and 25. Rods 26, connected to one of the turnbuckles 23, extend into and are embedded in the pre-cast deck slabs 'I and la, as shown in Figure 4 Y y Ythe dock' canY properly 'withstand al1 loads Vor forces to whichV itwill be subjected. o

After `the deck slabs 1f and 'Ia'are properly DOSi- Vtiorned, ithevrecesses I6` are groutedinsolid with the surface of theV slabsand aV surface'll 28 is Y provided over Y:the anchoring means and deck slabs I and'la to a point in substantialralignment-fvr with the surfaceofjthe sections I0. Y Y

Under the present invention, to pre-cast Vthe deckvs'ections for this purpose, there areimanyV advantages obtained in certain locations, in that` much of the Work can be done so` as not to inter.- fere with trac on the dock or of the vessels inV the innnediate vicinity of the construction, The

deck sections can be pre-cast away from'the siteY Vand thenY ata convenient time'theV construction Y lstarted'and Yvery quickly assembled, thu'srreducf Y maybe located adjacent theY dock to accommoing to a'rnini'mum the interruption Vto traic' due to the construction. If desired, railroad rails 29 date transfer machinery.

i YWhile'I have shownrandrdescribed a specific Y embodiment vof the invention, it will Vbe understood that I`dornot VWish to be Vlimited exactly Y Y Y thereto, since various modifications may be marde ,withoutV departing from the` scopeV of -the 'invention as defined by the'following claim; Iolaim'z" 'Y A reenfforced concrete'dock comprising a'founv-A i Y dation of upright fpi1es,a concrete deck supportingV structure mounted onand secured to said pilesyaY plurality of intertting andV interlocking pre-castdeck slabs mounted uponrsaid 'deck supporting structure, means for 4securing said deck slabs on saidsupporting structureV and means Vconnectedto said deck supporting structure and pre-cast slabs for anchoring said dockv to the A shore, said deck slabs provided with longitudinal,

parallel recesses formed in Vthe upper Vsurface thereof, reenforcing means positioned in said Yrercesses, said reenforcingmeans extending longitudinally over said slabs andterminating pointsV Y spaced from the edges thereof, some of said slabs having their upper surfaceY extend"A beyond the plane of the other Yslabs to a point substantially 25 Vin aiigmnentwiththe ground line. 1 Y ,Y 

